UNESCO Italy – 55 UNESCO Sites in Italy with photos and map
8. The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera
The historical centre of the city, in the vicinity of which are the most important places of residence of the cave man in the Mediterranean region.
Date of Inscription: 1993
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/670
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The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera, UNESCO Italy by renzofermo / pixabay
The Historic Centre of Sassi, situated in Matera, Italy, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its ancient cave dwellings, stone-carved architecture, and unique urban landscape. Here’s an overview of this extraordinary site:
1. Ancient Cave Dwellings
Sassi, meaning “stones,” refers to the ancient cave dwellings carved into the limestone rock of Matera. These dwellings, known as “sassi,” are thought to be among the first human settlements in Italy and have been continuously inhabited for thousands of years.
2. Matera’s Dual Cities
The Sassi is divided into two districts, Sasso Caveoso and Sasso Barisano, each offering a distinct experience. The cave dwellings and structures in these districts form an intricate network, creating a captivating urban environment.
3. Troglodyte Architecture
The troglodyte architecture of Sassi is a remarkable example of human adaptation to the natural environment. The caves served as homes, churches, and storage spaces, carved into the soft tufa rock.
4. Matera Cathedral
The Matera Cathedral, or Cattedrale di Santa Maria della Bruna, is a stunning example of Apulian Romanesque architecture. It stands at the highest point in the Sasso Barisano and offers panoramic views of the city.
5. Rock-Hewn Churches
Sassi is home to numerous rock-hewn churches, including the Church of San Pietro Caveoso and the Church of Madonna delle Virtù. These churches showcase ancient frescoes and religious artifacts.
6. Museums and Interpretation Centers
Visitors can explore museums and interpretation centers in Matera, such as the Casa Noha and the Caveoso Interpretation Center, which provide insights into the history, culture, and evolution of Sassi.
7. Matera’s Transformation
Matera’s Sassi experienced a period of neglect, poverty, and abandonment in the mid-20th century. However, in recent decades, efforts have been made to restore and revitalize the area, leading to Matera being designated as the European Capital of Culture in 2019.
8. Film Location
Matera’s unique and cinematic landscape has been featured in several films, including Mel Gibson’s “The Passion of the Christ” and the James Bond film “No Time to Die.” The Sassi’s timeless appearance has made it a sought-after location for filmmakers.
9. UNESCO World Heritage Site
In 1993, the Historic Centre of Sassi was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It was recognized for its outstanding cultural value and its testament to the continuity of human settlement in a challenging landscape.
10. Unique Accommodations
Many of the ancient cave dwellings have been converted into unique accommodations, offering visitors the opportunity to experience Matera’s rich history while enjoying modern comforts.
11. Culinary Delights
Matera’s culinary scene is influenced by its historical and cultural roots. Visitors can savor traditional dishes, including locally produced olive oil, handmade pasta, and regional wines.
12. Festivals and Events
Matera hosts various cultural events and festivals throughout the year, celebrating its history, traditions, and artistic heritage. These events attract both locals and tourists alike.
The Historic Centre of Sassi in Matera stands as a testament to the resilience and creativity of human communities throughout history. Its ancient cave dwellings, churches, and evolving urban landscape make it a unique and captivating destination for those seeking a blend of history, culture, and architectural marvels.
